# 单元测试
在一个依赖注入框架中如何进行单元测试,将依赖项先注入后再测试;如果测试内容和注入内容强相关,可以考虑对相关内容做mock;一种方式是注册mock后的Goner,另外一种方式时将已经注册的Goner,使用cemetery.ReplaceBury
做替换性注册。
# 假设我们编写的Goner如下
文件名:goner.go
package test
import (
"github.com/gone-io/gone"
"github.com/gone-io/gone/goner/config"
)
const pointNameA = "example-test-point-a"
const pointNameB = "example-test-point-b"
func NewPointA() (gone.Goner, gone.GonerId) {
return &Point{}, pointNameA
}
func NewPointB() (gone.Goner, gone.GonerId) {
return &Point{X: -1, Y: -1}, pointNameB
}
type Point struct {
gone.Flag
X int `gone:"config,example.test.point.a-x"`
Y int `gone:"config,example.test.point.a-y,default=200"`
}
type Line struct {
gone.Flag
A *Point `gone:"example-test-point-a"`
B *Point `gone:"example-test-point-b"`
}
func (*Line) Say() string {
return ""
}
func NewLine() *Line {
return &Line{}
}
func Priest(cemetery gone.Cemetery) error {
cemetery.Bury(NewPointA())
cemetery.Bury(NewPointB())
cemetery.Bury(NewLine())
return config.Priest(cemetery)
}
# 我们可以编写测试文件如下:
文件名:goner_test.go
package test
import (
"github.com/gone-io/gone"
"github.com/gone-io/gone/goner/config"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
"testing"
)
func Test_Line(t *testing.T) {
t.Run("config default", func(t *testing.T) {
gone.TestAt(pointNameA, func(point *Point) {
assert.Equal(t, point.X, 1000)
assert.Equal(t, point.Y, 200)
}, config.Priest, Priest)
})
t.Run("config default", func(t *testing.T) {
gone.Test(func(line *Line) {
assert.Equal(t, line.A.Y, 200)
}, Priest)
})
t.Run("ReplaceBury", func(t *testing.T) {
gone.Test(func(line *Line) {
assert.Equal(t, line.A.X, 20)
}, Priest, func(cemetery gone.Cemetery) error {
Mock := func() gone.Goner {
return &Point{X: 20}
}
return cemetery.ReplaceBury(Mock(), pointNameA)
})
})
}
# 使用gomock做mock测试
我们编写了一个小工具来为接口生成mock代码:gonectr mock
一般的使用方法是,在需要mock的接口上加//go:generate
注释,让生成过程在go generate ./...
命令时自动完成,下面是一个例子:
文件名:i_point.go
package test
//go:generate sh -c "gonectr mock -p=mock -s=$(dirname ${GOFILE}) -d=$(dirname ${GOFILE})/mock"
type IPoint interface {
GetX() int
GetY() int
}
上面//go:generate sh -c "gonectr mock -p=mock -s=$(dirname ${GOFILE}) -d=$(dirname ${GOFILE})/mock"
的作用是为IPoint
接口生成mock代码。
注意mockgen工具和gomock包的版本需要保持一致; 运行下面代码,安装最新版本:
go get go.uber.org/mock
需要安装gone辅助工具;安装参考 gone辅助工具 (opens new window)。
好让,我们来试试吧,创建一个空目录并在进入后,将上文件i_test.go
创建出来,让后在当前目录运行命令:
go generate ./...
可以看到,命令运行完后,将生成文件mock/i_point.go
。
下面我们创建一个 origin_point.go
文件,内容如下:
package test
import "github.com/gone-io/gone"
type originPoint struct {
gone.Flag
}
//go:gone
func NewOriginPoint() gone.Goner {
return &originPoint{}
}
func (o *originPoint) GetX() int {
return 100
}
func (o *originPoint) GetY() int {
return 200
}
在创建一个名为distance_calculator.go
的文件,内容如下:
package test
import (
"github.com/gone-io/gone"
"math"
)
//go:gone
func NewDistanceCalculator() gone.Goner {
return &distanceCalculator{}
}
type distanceCalculator struct {
gone.Flag
originPoint IPoint `gone:"*"`
}
func (d *distanceCalculator) CalculateDistanceFromOrigin(x, y int) float64 {
originX, originY := d.originPoint.GetX(), d.originPoint.GetY()
return math.Sqrt(math.Pow(float64(x-originX), 2) + math.Pow(float64(y-originY), 2))
}
distanceCalculator
的业务是计算(x,y int)
到originPoint点的距离,originPoint
是依赖注入的;现在我们来编写CalculateDistanceFromOrigin
的测试函数如下:
package test
import (
"example/test/mock"
gomock "go.uber.org/mock"
"github.com/gone-io/gone"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
"testing"
)
func Test_distanceCalculator_CalculateDistanceFromOrigin(t *testing.T) {
//创建mock控制器
controller := gomock.NewController(t)
defer controller.Finish()
gone.Test(func(d *distanceCalculator) {
distance := d.CalculateDistanceFromOrigin(3, 4)
assert.Equal(t, float64(5), distance)
}, func(cemetery gone.Cemetery) error {
//创建mock对象
point := mock.NewMockIPoint(controller)
point.EXPECT().GetX().Return(0)
point.EXPECT().GetY().Return(0)
//将mock对象注册到Gone
cemetery.Bury(point)
//被测试的对象也需要注册到Gone
cemetery.Bury(NewDistanceCalculator())
return nil
})
}
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